The HORRORS of HEROD




Incestuous marriage and lust. Religious persecution. Beheadings. Burning people alive. The massacre of a town's male infants.

Meet the horrible Herods. This site is a brief introduction to the Herod family and its scandalous doings, as known from the Bible and extrabiblical accounts, with links to additional sources.

We begin with . . .

A Reign of Terror


Herod the Great


Herod the Great (74-4 B.C.), the son of an Idumean (Edomite) father and Arabian mother, became king of Judea in 37 B.C. through the favor of Rome. Though of non-Jewish blood, Herod professed to observe Jewish law, and rebuilt the ruined temple in Jerusalem. But he also taxed the people excessively and was notoriously ruthless. Herod executed three of his own sons and Mariamne, one of his ten wives. (The Roman leader Octavian is said to have punned in Greek [alluding also to the Jewish law against eating pork], "It is better to be Herod's swine [(hus] than his son [huis].") When some pious Jews removed the golden eagle, symbol of Roman power, that adorned the new temple's entrance, Herod had the removers burned alive.

On his deathbed, Herod ordered that all the important men of Judea be summoned to Jericho and imprisoned, to be slain there when he died, so there would be mourning at the time of his death. (The order was not carried out.)

Herod is most famous for ordering the massacre of all male children two years old or younger in the town and region of Bethlehem, for fear that a prophesied king of the Jews had been born there.

Though the story of the Bethlehem massacre is found only in the Gospel of Matthew, and some scholars thus question the event's historicity, the story is credible. Herod the Great, history shows, was more than capable of committing such an atrocity.


Duccio di Buoninsegna's Slaughter of the Innocents
c. 1310
Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Siena

Slaughter of the Innocents


Upon his death, Herod's kingdom was divided among his sons Archelaus, Herod Antipas, and Philip. Archelaus ruled Judea, Samaria, and Idumea so badly that he was removed by the Romans after two years and banished to Gaul.



Next

Dancing to Get Ahead


Herodias

Bernardino Luini's Herodias
1527-1531
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence



Copyright 2002-2007 by Ronald L. Ecker


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